Leonard Bloomfield (1887 –1949) was an American linguist
who led the development of structural linguistics in the United States during 1930s and the 1940s. His influential textbook Language, published
in 1933, presented a comprehensive description of American structural
linguistics. He made significant contributions.
Bloomfield's
approach to linguistics was characterized by its emphasis on the scientific
basis of linguistics, adherence to Behaviorism especially in his later work, and emphasis on formal procedures for the
analysis of linguistic data. The influence of Bloomfieldian structural
linguistics declined in the late 1950s and 1960s as the theory of Generative Grammar developed by Noam Chomsky
came to predominate.
GLOSSARY
The structuralism: focuses in the structure of a language.
Mentalism and behaviorism: three things are involved:
a) outside speakers
b) inside speakers
c) speech
The phoneme: language must
depend upon or habitually and conventionally discriminating some features of
sounds and ignoring others’.
Basic and Modified Meaning: the meaning of a morpheme is a sememe, constant, definite, discrete from
all other semmemes: order, modulation and phonetic modification. A simple
feature of grammatical arrangement is a taxeme; meaningful units of grammatical
from are tagmemen and their meanings are
called episemmes.
Order: is the most
important in languages
Parts of the Speech: most languages show a smaller number, and in such languages syntactic
form-clases tend to appear in phrases rather than words, Chinese is the classic
example.
Suggestive Symbols: formulations using parentheses and various kind of brackets.
Dialect Geography: Speech Communities. Both dialect and genetic relationship become clearer
on a stimulus-response view of geographic and social contiguity.
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